1991 The first version of HTTP protocol has only one method, GET, and the response from the server is always an html page. All the server has to do is to retrieve the html file content from the file system and send it back to the client as a stream of bytes.
1993 The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) standard defines how web server software can delegate the generation of web pages to a stand-alone application or an executable file. CGI scripts run outside the web server, and spawn a separate operating system process per request.
1997? The Internet Server Application Program Interface (ISAPI) standard is created, which now defines how DLLs can run as part of the web application's process and address space.
1998 Active Server Pages (ASP) is Microsoft's first server-side script-engine for dynamically-generated web pages, implemented as an ISAPI extension.
2002 ASP.NET is released, still an ISAPI extension.
2009 ASP.NET MVC source code released, based on ASP.NET.
In other words, all the frameworks from Microsoft we use the last decade to provide dynamic responses to the web requests are no more than an abstraction layer on top of plain old ISAPI standard from late 90s.
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